Steam pumping-engine



3 Sheets-Sheet'l. J. D. DAVIES. STEAM PUMPING ENGINE.

Patented May 4,1886.v

W/gVESSES (Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet '2.

J. D. DAVIES.

STEAM PUMPING ENGINE.

Patented May 4.I 1886` N, PETERS. mwunwgnph". wmngm'nc (Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 3. J. D. DAVIES. A

STEAM PUMPING ENGINE.v No. 340,984. Patented May 4, 1886b a] III-.QW

r'ilnuTEn STATES PATENT Clinics.

JOSEPH DANKSDAVIES, OF NATCHEZ, MISSISSIPPI.

STEAM PUMPING-ENGINE.

:TLIPLECIFICATIN forming part of Letters Patent No. 340,984, dated May 4, 1886.

Application filed June 30, 1885. Serial No. 170,265. (Model.)

.To all 107mm/ it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH DANKs DaviEs, of Natchez, in the county of Adams and State of Mississippi, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam Pumping-Engines, and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in steam pumpingengines.

l In Patent No. 307,443, granted me November 4, 1884, a duplex pumping-engine was shown and described in which a connection uniting the piston-rods of two reciprocating engines served to render their movements relatively to cach other positive, and to determine the length of stroke. improved meehanism was also there shown for controlling the movement of the valves.

The object-of my` present invention is to provide mechanism, in connection with a duplex pumping-engine, whereby it may obtain greater degrees of expansion and uniformity of force; to provide suitable valves and valve mechanism for working expausively; to provide means for keeping the steam cylinders hot; to provide connections between thebeams to suit any location ofthe engines, and to provide auxiliary devices for opening and closing the valves ofthe pumps when pumping liquids.

lVith these endsin view my invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a View of a duplex pumping engine in side elevation, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a similar view oi' the engine with the auxiliary cutoff valves and casings removed. Fig. 3 is a view of one of the engines in horizontal sec tion. Fig. 4. is a transverse section through the centers of -thepumps Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are detached views of parts, and Figs. ll, 12, and 13 are dili'erent forms of connec` tions to suit different locations.

For convenience in describing their construction and opcration,the engines which are connected to form the duplex engine will be denominated No l and No. 2.77

a is the piston-rod of No. l, and a the pis ton-rod of No. 2.

b b c c are the beams and vibrating arms of the engines Nos. l and 2, respectively.

B and B represent the pump-cylinders connected with the engines Nos. l and 2, and b2 is a pin pivotally connecting the adjacent ends of the beams b b.

The parts of the duplex engine as thus far mentioned are quite similar in construction and operation to those shown and described in the patent above referred to, and a minute description is dispensed with here.

c2 is a crank-arm rigidly secured to the end of the journal of the vibrating arm c, and e2 is a double-crank arm rigidly secured to the journal e3 of the vibrating arm c'. The wrist e lies opposite the wrist d and moves 1n a contrary direction.

The wrists d and d on the crank-arms cand e2 are connected by a link, F, provided with a slotted endor loop adapted to embrace the wrist d and allow it to play therein in theldirection of the length of the link. The wrists e and d are connected by a link, g, pivotally secured on the wrist c, and adapted to embrace the wrist d and allow the same a play in the direction of its length. Rods a' and T are pivotally secured to the link F and connect the same with the levers i and H', respectively. The lever t" is pivotally secured on a support, K', and has its opposite end con nected to the valverod a', which operates the auxiliary cutoff valve m of the engine No. 2.

rIhe lever H is also pivoted on the support l, and has the valve-rod P connected with its opposite end, which valve-rod operates the main cut-ofi` valve o of the engine No. 2.

The rod A is also connected with the lever 9o H' at a point nearer the fulcrum K than the connection of the rod P therewith, and operates the valve mcof the auxiliary cylinder mi. Rods a and T connect the link g with the ends of levers t' and H, fulcrumed on a support, K, 9 5

and connected with the valverods a and P of the auxiliary and main cut-oil` valves m and o of engine No. l, in the same manner as the corresponding parts just described in con nection with engine No. 2. A rod, A, is also connected to lever H at a point nearer its fulerum K than the connection of the valve-rod IOO P therewith, and operates the valve n2 of the auxiliary cylinder m2.

The auxiliary cut-off valves m m are preferably of the piston type and work in cylinders R R', open at both ends to the auxiliary steam-chests s s', and each communicating with the main steam-chests S S through a single port, as rL r2. The main cut-off valves o o are preferably slide-valves, and may have any desired lap. The valves ai m5 in the aux` iliary cylinders m2 mare also slide-valves, and are made short, so that they will not cover both steam-ports m m at the same time, but lap should be provided on the exhaust side.

The piston in the cylinder ml is connected with a piston or plunger-a2, for examplewhich works in a cylinder communicating with the cylinder B of the pump operated by engine No. l. The piston of the cylinder m3 is connected with a piston or plunger-a3, for examplewhich works in a cylinder communicat-ing with the cylinder B of the pump operated by engine No. 2.

x2 is an equalizing-cylinder located at right angles to the axis of the engines and opposite the pin b2, connecting the adjacent ends of the beams b b.

The piston-rod of the piston 'w is secured to a cross-head, fv, connecting a pair of rods, v, pivotally secured on the pin b2. The rods v are each provided with an elongated loop, n, which embraces the journal of the vibrating arm c and admits of the travel required of the pin b2.

The equalizing-cylinder x2 is provided with two inlet-valves, y, and two outlet-valves, y. It is also provided with large clearance on each side of the piston w. Steam is admitted to the cylinder x2 by a supply-pipe, 00, to'which may be attached any of the well-known pressure-regulators. A pipe, Y, leadsA from the delivery-valves y ofthe equalizer to the steamjackets g of the engines. Said pipe Y is provided with a stop-cock, z, to throw the equalizer out of communication with the jackets whenever it is desired.

The auxiliary steam-chests ss and the steamchests of the auxiliary cylinders m2 m are connected with the boiler in any approved manner, as is usual in steam-engines. The steamjackets are provided with a safety-valve, (not shown,) to limit the pressure of steam therein and allow the water of condensation to be returned to the boilers.

The operation is as follows: The piston of engine No. lis at the end of its stroke, moving in the direction of the arrow. The piston of No. 2 is at mid-stroke, moving in the direc tion of the arrow. The cut-off valve m is opening its port and the main valve o opening its port si. The valve m has closed its port tion, carry the rods a Tl forward, closing the port and moving the valves m o over their seats sufficiently to open the ports r2 and S7 by the time the piston of No. 2 has finished its stroke; but the wrist e has been going in a contrary direction to d', and when the piston of No. 2 was leaving the mid-stroke position d the wrist e was moving faster than d, thereby opening the ports 7 sZ by means of the rods u T and the levers 'H, admitting full steam to the piston of engine No. 1. As the piston of No. 2 moves forward on the last half of its stroke the wrist d of No. l carries its end of the link g forward, changing the direction of the rod a before changing the direction of the rod T, and thereby closing the port r* before the piston of No. l reaches its mid-stroke, and leaving the steam in the chestS to act expansively in completing the stroke of No. l. Then the piston of engine No. 2 has completed its stroke and is starting on its return, it causes the wrste to move in the same direction as the wrist d, and thereby, through the rod u and lever fi, rod T, and lever H, closes the ports r s2 and moves the valves m and o over their seats sufficiently to open the ports r* and s by `the time or just before the piston of No. l has completed its stroke, and opening the port s'2 to the exhaust si. The piston of No. 2, being under full pressure, will, during its first halfstroke7 assist thepiston of engine No. l,through the connectingbeams b b', to complete its stroke. Before the piston of No. l has completed its forward stroke the wrist d has carried its end of link F, with the return movement of the piston of No. 2, sufficiently far to close the port r2 ofthe auxiliary cutoff valve m before the piston of No. 2 reaches its mid-stroke, and the steam in cylinder of No. 2 and chest S is left to operate expansively. As the piston of engine No. 2 is leaving its mid-stroke position on its return the piston of engine No. l is just starting on its return under full pressure of steam and assists No. 2 to colnplete its return stroke. During the first half of the return-stroke of the engine No. l the wrists d d move in the same direction and close the port sl and open the port 87 to the exhaust s6, ready for the second forward stroke of the piston of the engine No. 2. As the engines continue to move the action of the valves will be repeated, as explained above. The valves n2 m5 have the same movement as the valves o 0'; but as they have no lap, but clearance on the steam side, their action precedes the action of the valves o o', and before the piston of engine No. 2 arrives at the end of its stroke an equilibrium of pressure is established in both ends of the cylinder mi, the pressure of the liquid in the chamber o4 driving` the plunger in the cylinder a3 back and allowing the discharge-val ves o"s to close. Just before the pump-piston a5 of N o. 2 starts on its return-stroke the valve m5 closes the port m4 and opens that end of the cylinder m3 to the exhaust7 thereby causing the plunger in the cylinder a to complete its stroke and IOO IIC'

open the discharge-valves o2, ready for the return of the pump-piston a5, thus preventing the jar which commonly accompanies the sudden changes in the motions of the pump-pistons. In a like manner the auxiliary engine mi serves to prevent jar in the pump operated by engine No. l. Steam being admitted at any suitable pressure through the valves y of the equalizer 032, as the piston of en gine No. l nioves forward on its stroke, the valve z being closed, the confined steam in the end x of the equalizer x2 presses on the pistou w, and through its connection with the pin bl assists both engines, but when the piston w reaches its mid-stroke the pressure of steam in both ends or af of the cylinder as? is in equilibrium. On passing this point the stealn in the end x is compressed and the piston w offers resistance to the engines. On its return-stroke.

the piston w first offers assistance and then resistance, as before. It will be noticed that the piston w always starts ou its stroke simultaneously with the beginning of the stroke of each engine. It therefore assists the engines at the beginning of their strokes, but passes into resistance before they reach their midstrokes. It assists them again as they pass their mid-strokes, and oifers resistance against them as they complete their strokes. A further use of this equalizer is to pump steam into the steam jacket or jackets q of the steamcylinders, cylinder-heads, and receivers when used. To accomplish this the cock ,eis opened, and as thepiston w is reeiprocated in the cylinder mi steam will be forced through the valves g/ into the j ackets, while a portion of the steam will remain and effect the necessary equalization, as before explained. The steam driven into the jackets raises the temperature and the pressure of the steam already therein, thereby keeping the cylinders het and preventing condensation from the walls of the cylinders and heads, cooling the entering steam within the cylinders.

The beams Z) b may be constructed as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, or iu'any other desired form, and the journals connected to the pistourods au and to the arms c c may be formed integral with the rods and arms, or with the beams, or made separately from each or either, as found most convenient. So, also, the journals which. support the arms c c may be integral therewith, or may be sct stationary in the supporti11g-frame, and the arms be arranged to swing thereon. In thelatter case the crankarms c and cl can be driven by any desired connection from arms c and c', respectively.

If it is desired to use a verylate cut-ofi', the rods u u may be detached, the valves m and m pushed to leave vthe ports rt and rg open, and the engines be run by the main valves o o', which may be constructed by means of lap to eut off and cushion.

rIhe engines are shown as resting one above the otherg but it is evident that they may be on the same horizontal plane, or on end, or in any other desired position.

The auxiliary cylinders a2 and a3 are shown located between the pump-cylinders; but they may be placed in any convenient position, and the engines, which are described as single-cyh inder engines, will work equally as well in the form of compound engines, either by placing `the low-pressure cylinders endwise to the high-pressure cylinders, or by compounding from one to the other, using a receiver, as is customary in compound engines connected at right angles.

When it is desired to connect engines at some distance apart, the beams may be connected by a rod, fr, for example, and the equalizercylinder fr be located between the ends of the beams, as shown in Fig. ll.

If it be desired to have the beams b bon the outside of the engines, they can be connected by a rod, c, Fig. 12, capable of sustaining in extension the strain imposed by the engines, and said rod may be provided with a piston and work in an equalizer-cylinder or not.

Fig. 13 shows a form of construction for the beams when it is desired to couple engines at differents alignments to each other. In this form of connection the rod c, connecting the ends of the beams b b', is in two sections, and the equalizingcylinder x2 is also iu two sections, being connected by pipes, as shown, and filled with liquid.

The engines as above explained are adapted to pump air as well as liquids.

Instead of the double-acting equalizer shown and described,two sin gle-actin g equalizers may be employed, andaseparate steam-pump driven from the ends of the beams b b', or from any point in the connection between the ends of said beams, will answer in the place of the equalizer.

It is evident that numerous other modificasions might be resorted to in the construction and arrangements of the several parts described without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention; hence I do not wish to limit myself strictly to the construction herein set forth; but,

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination, with two engines, of an equalizer and arms and links connecting the engines and equalizer, the parts being constructed and arranged whereby the equalizer assists the engines at the beginnings of their first and second half-strokes and resists them just before Ycompleting their first and second half-strokes, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a steam-engine provided with steam-jackets, of an equalizer adapted to regulate the motions of the engines and pump steam into the jaekets,substantially as set forth.'

3. The combination, with a steam-engine provided with jacket-s, and an equalizing-cylinder provided with a piston operated by the pistons of the engine, of check-valves located in the pipes communicating with each end of IOO the equalizing-cylinder and the pipe leading to the j ackets, and in the pipes communicating with each end of the equaliZing-cylinder and ihethsteamsupply pipe, substantially as set 4. The combination ,with an equalizer' adapted to regulate the motions ofthe engines and supply steam to the steam-jackets, of a stopcock adapted to shut off the equalizing-cylin` der from the jackets, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with two connected engines and their main and cutoff' Valves, ofthe valve-operating mechanism, consisting of the links, the crank-arms on which the links are u mounted, the lever connected with the valvewithout preventing the pump-piston from nishing its stroke, substantiallyas described.

7. The combination, with two engines and a pair of Vibrating beams connected with the piston-rods ofthe engines and with each other, of a rod joining the beam-connection and a piston working in an equalizing-cylinder, sub stantially as set forth.

S. The combination, with a pair of engines having one or more equalizers7 of beams connected at one end to the piston-rods and at the other end to each other in such a manner as to enable the equalizer or equalizers to assist in regulating the motion of the engines or pump steam intothe jackets, or both, and Vibrating arms operated by the beams, substantially as set forth. y

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in theprcscuce of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH DAN-KS DAVIES.

Vitnesses:

A H. Fos'rnn, WALTER MoGuna. 

